The pre-history of Kenneth Arrow's social choice and individual values

نویسنده

  • Patrick Suppes
چکیده

The purpose of this article is to give an historical sense of the intellectual developments that determined the form and content of Kenneth Arrow’s pathbreaking work published in 1951. One aspect deals with personal influences that helped shape Arrow’s own thinking. A second aspect is concerned with the early history of the general theory of relations, which is mainly centered in the nineteenth century, and also with the essentially independent modern development of the axiomatic method in the same time period. Arrow’s use of general binary relations and of axiomatic methods to ground, in a clear mathematical way, his impossibility theorem marks a turning point in welfare economics, and, more generally, in mathematical economics. 1 Some foundational remarks on the history of ordinal utility We can begin with a well-known quotation from Hicks and Allen (1934). Of all Pareto’s contributions there is probably none that exceeds in importance his demonstration of the immeasurability of utility. To most earlier writers, to Marshall, to Walras, to Edgeworth, utility had been a quantity theoretically measurable; that is to say, a quantity which would be measurable if we had enough facts. Pareto definitely abandoned this, and replaced the concept of utility by the concept of a scale of preferences. It is not always observed that this change in concepts was not merely a change of view, a pure matter of methodology; it rested on a positive demonstration that the facts of observable conduct make a scale of preferences capable of theoretical construction (in the same sense as above) but they do not enable us to proceed from the scale of preference to a particular utitlity function. Hicks and Allen 1934, p. 52 P. Suppes (*) Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Ventura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115, USA E-mail: [email protected] Soc Choice Welfare 25:319–326 (2005)

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Arrow theorems in the fuzzy setting

Throughout this paper, our  main idea is to analyze the Arrovian approach in a fuzzy context, paying attention to different extensions of the classical Arrow's model arising in mathematical Social Choice to aggregate preferences that the agents define on a set of alternatives. There is a wide set of extensions. Some of them give rise to an impossibility theorem as in the Arrovian classical  mod...

متن کامل

Intradimensional Single-Peakedness and the Multidimensional Arrow Problem

Arrow's account (1951/1963) of the problem of social choice is based upon the assumption that the preferences of each individual in the relevant group are expressible by a single ordering. This paper lifts that assumption and develops a multidimensional generalization of Arrow's framework. I show that, like Arrow's original framework, the multidimensional generalization is affected by an imposs...

متن کامل

Social Choice in the Wild

Kenneth Arrow's impossibility theorem in social choice theory is remarkable for being at once both definitive and inscrutable. It seems to disallow a rational procedure for collective choice without suggesting practical ways to reduce the probability or magnitude of the problem. To shed light on this issue, and considering the difficulties of recreating real-world political dynamics in the lab,...

متن کامل

Market arbitrage, social choice and the core

This paper establishes a clear connection between equilibrium theory, game theory and social choice theory by showing that, for a well defined social choice problem, a condition which is necessary and sufficient to solve this problem limited arbitrage is the same as the condition which is necessary and sufficient to establish the existence of an equilibrium and the core . The connection is stre...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Social Choice and Welfare

دوره 25  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2005